During the tumultuous 1940s, Xu Beihong, a prominent figure in 20th-century art, sought refuge in Chongqing with his family during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45). Amid the challenging backdrop of the region's mountainous terrain, Xu created poignant works capturing the struggles of the local populace, adding layers of complexity to their already arduous lives.

One of the standout pieces from this period is Ba People Fetching Water, a masterpiece depicting the resilient residents of Chongqing navigating long staircases to fetch water from the riverside. This artwork encapsulated Xu's deep empathy for those facing adversity, showcasing their unwavering courage and optimism in confronting life's trials.