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大寒是二十四節(jié)氣的最后一個節(jié)氣。大寒時節(jié)寒潮南下頻繁，此時風大、氣溫急劇下降、地面積雪不化，是多數(shù)地區(qū)一年之中最冷的時期。今年的大寒始于1月20日。
民間有“過了大寒、又是一年”的說法，因此此時的民俗多有濃重的“年味”。
古人有在臘八（即農(nóng)歷十二月初八）祭祀祖先和神靈、祈求豐收吉祥的傳統(tǒng)。多地在臘八節(jié)當日有喝由八種五谷雜糧熬制而成的臘八粥的習慣，華北地區(qū)有腌制臘八蒜的習俗。
舊時，大寒時節(jié)的街上常有人爭相購買芝麻秸。除夕夜，人們將芝麻秸灑在路上供孩童踩碎，取其諧音“踩歲”，寓意“歲歲平安”，求得新年好彩頭。
除夕之夜，人們要鳴放煙花爆竹、焚香燃紙、敬迎眾神。夜幕降臨時，每家每戶燈燭通明、全家歡聚，聚在一起守歲，喜迎新的一年的到來。
大寒時節(jié)與尾牙祭重疊。尾牙源自于拜土地公做“牙”的習俗，到了農(nóng)歷十二月十六日正好是尾牙。吃春餅（南方叫潤餅）是尾牙的習俗之一。
在南方廣大地區(qū)，有大寒吃糯米的習慣，雖聽來簡單，卻包含著前人們在生活中積累的生活經(jīng)驗，因為進入大寒天氣十分寒冷，糯米是熱量非常高的食物，有極佳的御寒功效。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Major cold, the 24th solar term, is the last solar term in the lunar calendar. Major cold begins on Jan 20 this year.
A folk saying goes: "A new year begins after major cold." Many of the folk customs during this period are closely related to the lunar new year.
Laba festival, celebrated on the 8th day of the twelfth lunar month, falls during major cold. It is custom to have laba porridge, made from 8 types of grains, on this day to pay respects to ancestors and gods.
In the old times, people rushed to buy sesame stalks during major cold. The stalks were laid on the ground for kids to crush with their feet (cai sui) on new year's eve, homophonic to "wishing a safe and sound coming year."
Chinese people like to fire fireworks and burn incense papers to pay respects to the gods and welcome the new year. The whole family would get together well into the night on New Year's Eve to wait for the arrival of the new year.
Major cold coincides with the time of end-of-year offerings, which falls on 16th day of the twelfth lunar month. Eating spring cakes, usually stirfried julienned vegetables wrapped in thin pancakes made from flour, is a custom in many parts of China.
Those in South China like to eat glutinous rice during major cold.
This custom, though simple, shows
the wisdom of Chinese ancestors. Glutinous rice is high in calories compared to other grains, which made it a suitable staple during the harsh cold winter in the old times.
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